المساحة والخرائط

الخريطة الطبوغرافية TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS (د. أنور سيالة) شرح مفصل عن الخرائط الطبوغرافية

خزانة الجغرافيا

اخر تحديث :

الخريطة الطبوغرافية
TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS
(د. أنور سيالة) شرح مفصل عن الخرائط الطبوغرافية

(1) مفهوم الخريطة الطبوغرافية

تعني كلمة " طبوغرافيا " (Topography) رسم موقع على سطح الأرض بما فيه من معالم طبيعية وغير طبيعية ( من صنع الإنسان ) يمكن تحديد مواقعها من حيث الإرتفاع والانخفـاض عــن مسـتوى مقارنة معين ومن حيث البعد والاتجـاه عـن نقطة أصل معينه، أي المعالم التي يمكن تحديد مواقعها بالنسبة للأبعاد الثلاثـــة ( س ، ص ، ع ) أو (f , x , l) من نقطـة مقارنـة معلومة. والخــرائط الطبوغرافيـــة (Topographic Maps) هي الخرائط التي تبين بدقه المعالم الأساسية بالمنطقة المخرطة كالحدود، والمشاريع الزراعية والصـناعيـة، والمجاري المائيـة، وطبيعة سـطح الأرض من حيث الارتفاعات والانخفاضات والميول، وما شيده الإنسـان. وتعرف هذه الخرائط في بعض الأحيان بالخرائط المساحية

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